Ethiopia’s information minister says groups in Eritrea and Egypt are contributing to the unrest, which has led to a six-month state of emergency.
Getachew Reda said the foreign elements are arming and financing opposition groups, but not necessarily with the formal backing of their governments.
Under the state of emergency troops will be deployed to quell protests.
It follows months of anti-government demonstrations by members of the country’s two largest ethnic groups.
Violence has intensified since the beginning of the month when at least 55 people were killed during protests at an Oromo religious festival.
The state of emergency, which was announced on Sunday, will last for six months.
Mr Getachew told journalists in the Ethiopian, capital, Addis Ababa, that “all kinds of elements in the Egyptian political establishment” are involved but they were “not necessarily directly linked with the Egyptian government”, the AP news agency quotes him as saying.
The minister also pointed the finger at Eritrea, with which Ethiopia has a long-standing border dispute.
There has also been a long-running row with Egypt over Ethiopia’s decision to build a dam on the Nile, one of the river’s sources of which flows from Ethiopia to Egypt.